Resulting from the paper "Report of the first international consensus on standardized nomenclature of antinuclear antibody HEp-2 cell patterns" by Chan et al, 2015.

At the 12th International Workshop on Autoantibodies and Immunity, a consensus was created on the nomenclature of staining patterns observed in ANA indirect immunofluorescence tests on HEp-2 cells. In this first International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP), a classification tree was produced with an alpha-numeric AC code for each pattern. The classification includes not only nuclear patterns, but also cytoplasmic and mitotic patterns that are all considered to be ANA positive.